Alliance Capital Management Holding L.P.

Mr. Joseph joined AllianceBernstein in 1984 and held various financial positions until his election as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in 1994. He also serves on AllianceBernstein’s Code of Ethics Oversight Committee and Internal Compliance Controls Committee. Before joining AllianceBernstein, Mr. Joseph was a Senior Audit Manager with Price Waterhouse for 13 years. Mr. Joseph received a B.A. from Gettysburg College and became a CPA in 1975. He is a member of the Financial Executives Institute, New York State Society of CPA’s and serves on the Board of Trustees of Gettysburg College.

Mr. Toub joined Alliance Capital in 1992 as a portfolio manager with the US Disciplined Growth team. He has been Head of Global/International Growth Equities since 1998 and Executive Vice President since 1999. He became Chief Executive Officer of AllianceBernstein Limited, a London based wholly-owned subsidiary of AllianceBernstein in April 2005. In this capacity he has local oversight of all our U.K. operations, including human resources, compliance, legal, infrastructure, facilities, finance and technology. He serves on AllianceBernstein’s Management Executive Committee, the group of senior professionals responsible for managing the firm, enacting key strategic initiatives and allocating resources. Mr. Toub served as Director of Global Equity Research from 1998-2000, and joined the Global Research Growth team in 2004. Prior to joining the firm in 1992, Mr. Toub was with Marcus, Schloss & Co, a private investment partnership, as an analyst and portfolio manager. At that time, he was a member of the New York Stock Exchange where he was a specialist. Prior to Marcus, Schloss & Co., Mr. Toub worked at Bear Stearns in proprietary trading. He was an Assistant Treasurer at J.P. Morgan. Mr. Toub received a B.A. from Williams College and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.

Larry Cohen has been Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer since joining AllianceBernstein in 2004. In this role, Larry is responsible for technology strategy, application development, and infrastructure throughout AllianceBernstein. Larry has worked in the Securities Industry for more than 21 years managing technology groups for investment management, trading & sales, private client services, clearing and financing services, brokerage operations, and technology infrastructure. His international experience includes three years living and working in Tokyo, regional management in Europe, and global management of IT applications and infrastructure. Prior to joining AllianceBernstein, Larry held IT executive positions at UBS, Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, and Fidelity Investments. Also, he has served on the Technology Management Committee of the Securities Industry Association. Larry received a B.A. in Engineering and Applied Sciences from Harvard University.

Mr. Rissman joined AllianceBernstein as a quantitative analyst in 1989 and has been an Executive Vice President since 2000. In early 2006, he became Chief Investment Officer of Growth Equities while continuing as the head of growth equity services, a role he has held since 2004. He had been Director of Research Global Growth Equities since 2000. Previously, he was a research analyst responsible for telecom from 1991 to 1994 and founded Relative Value in 1995. He led the Relative Value investment team from 1995 to June, 2004. In May, 2004 he assumed supervisory responsibility over all Growth Equity services. He received his B.A. and Ph.D. (anthropology) from the University of Pennsylvania and an M.B.A. from Columbia Business School. Prior to joining AllianceBernstein, Mr. Rissman taught at New York University. CFA Charterholder.

Mr. Masters joined our firm in 1991 as a research analyst covering banks, insurance companies, and other financial firms. Since June 2008, he has served as Chief Investment Officer of ABDC, our firm’s team responsible for focusing on the needs of DC clients, including investment design and management. In February 2009, Mr. Masters took on the additional roles of heading the AllianceBernstein Blend Strategies team and serving as Chief Investment Officer for Style Blend, roles he previously held from 2002 through May 2008. Mr. Masters was named Executive Vice President of AllianceBernstein in 2004 and Senior Vice President in 2000. Between 1994 and 2002, Mr. Masters was Chief Investment Officer of Emerging Markets Value Equities, a service he took the lead in designing

Ms. Fay is an executive vice president of AllianceBernstein and a member of the firm’s Executive Committee, a group of senior professionals responsible for managing the firm, enacting key strategic initiatives and allocating resources. Ms. Fay was named Head of Bernstein Value Equities in 2009, to oversee the portfolio management and research activities relating to all value investment portfolios, while continuing to chair the Global Value Investment Policy Group as CIO-Global Value Equities. From 2003 to 2008, Ms. Fay served as CIO-Global Value Equities, overseeing the portfolio management and research activities related to cross-border and non-US value investment portfolios. From 1999 to 2006, she was CIO-European and UK Value Equities, serving as Co-CIO from 2003-2006 after being named CIO-Global Value Equities in 2003. Between 1997 and 1999, Ms. Fay was CIO-Canadian Value Equities. Prior to that, she had been a senior portfolio manager of International Value Equities since 1995. Sharon joined the firm in 1990 as a research analyst, subsequently launching Canadian Value, the firm’s first single-market service focused outside the US. She then went on to launch our UK and European Equity services and build Bernstein’s London office, its first portfolio management and research team based outside of the US. She earned a BA from Brown University and an MBA from Harvard Business School and is a CFA Charter holder. Location: London.

Mr. Lieberman became a Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation and the Chief Operating Officer of AllianceBernstein in November 2003 and was elected President of AllianceBernstein in November 2004, when he was also elected a member of AXA's Executive Committee. Mr. Lieberman joined AllianceBernstein in October 2000 and served as Executive Vice President-Finance and Operations of AllianceBernstein from November 2000 to November 2003. He serves on AllianceBernstein’s Management Executive Committee, a group of key senior professionals responsible for managing the firm, enacting key strategic initiatives and allocating resources. He is also director of SCB Inc. Mr. Lieberman joined Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., Inc. in 1998 as Senior Vice President-Finance and Administration and was a member of the board of directors. Before coming to Bernstein, he was Chief Financial Officer, Chief Administrative Officer and a member of the operating committee at Fidelity Investments (1993–1998). From 1979 to 1993, he worked at Citibank, where his roles included head of Citibank-Mexico, head of the Latin American Investment Bank, senior corporate officer for human resources and member of the corporation’s policy committee. Mr. Lieberman earned a BS with honors from the University of Connecticut and did his graduate studies at New York University’s Graduate School of Business Administration. His work in the area of risk management has been recognized in The Economist Intelligence Unit, PWReview and a Harvard Case Study. He is also a CPA.

Laurence Cranch has been Executive Vice President and General Counsel since joining AllianceBernstein in 2004. Prior to joining AllianceBernstein, Mr. Cranch was a partner at Clifford Chance, an international law firm. At Clifford Chance, Mr. Cranch focused on representing financial institutions with respect to their securities and investment management activities. From 1973 until 2000, Mr. Cranch practiced law at Rogers & Wells where he was Managing Partner. Rogers & Wells merged with Clifford Chance in 2000. Mr. Cranch earned a BA from Amherst College and a JD from the University of Pennsylvania Law School.