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- The Role of NGOs in Global Health Research for Development
- Global health research is essential for development. A major issue is the inequitable distribution of research efforts and funds directed towards populations suffering the world's greatest health problems. This imbalance is fostering major attempts at redirecting research to the health problems of low and middle income countries. NGOs are contributing...
- White papers 2005-02-21
- Transfer of Health for All Policy - What, How and in Which Direction? A Two-Case Study
- This article explores the transfer of World Health Organization's WHO policy initiative Health for All by the Year 2000 (HFA2000) into national contexts by using the changes in the public health policies of Finland and Portugal from the 1970's onward and the relationship of these changes to WHO policy development...
- White papers 2004-12-07
- The Effect of Ethnicity on Outcomes in a Practice-Based Trial to Improve Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
- Health disparities are a growing concern. Recently, we conducted a practice-based trial to help primary care physicians improve adherence with 21 quality indicators relevant to the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Although the primary concern in that study was whether patients in intervention practices out performed...
- White papers 2004-12-07
- Factors Influencing Emergency Medical Readmission Risk in a UK District General Hospital: A Prospective Study
- Over recent years increased emphasis has been given to performance monitoring of NHS hospitals, including overall number of hospital readmissions, which however are often sub-optimally adjusted for case-mix. This paper presents a study conducted to examine the effect of various patient and disease factors on the risk of emergency medical...
- White papers 2005-01-21
- Reproductive Health Research Challenges
- The paper reveals that reproductive health is defined as a state of physical, mental, and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system at all stages of life. Good reproductive health implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life and that they have...
- White papers 2004-06-09
- A Power Law Global Error Model for the Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Microarray Data
- High-density oligonucleotide microarray technology enables the discovery of genes that are transcriptionally modulated in different biological samples due to physiology, disease or intervention. Methods for the identification of these so-called "differentially expressed genes" DEG would largely benefit from a deeper knowledge of the intrinsic measurement variability. The aim of this...
- White papers 2004-12-17
- A Swimming Robot Actuated by Living Muscle Tissue
- Biomechatronics is the integration of biological components with artificial devices, in which the biological component confers a significant functional capability to the system, and the artificial component provides specific cellular and tissue interfaces that promote the maintenance and functional adaptation of the biological component. Based upon functional performance, muscle is...
- White papers 2004-10-28
- Characterization and Performance of a Toluene-Degrading Biofilm Developed on Pumice Stones
- Hydrocarbon-degrading bio-films in the treatment of contaminated ground waters have received increasing attention due to the role played in the so-called "biobarriers". These are bioremediation systems in which a microbial consortium adherent to a solid support is placed across the flow of a contaminated plume, thus promoting biodegradation of the...
- White papers 2005-01-17
- A Qualitative Study of the Impact of the Implementation of Advanced Access in Primary Healthcare on the Working Lives of General Practice Staff
- The North American model of 'advanced access' has been emulated by the National Primary Care Collaborative in the UK as a way of improving patients' access in primary care. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of the implementation of advanced access on the working lives of...
- White papers 2005-09-27
- Effects of DNA Mass on Multiple Displacement Whole Genome Amplification and Genotyping Performance
- Whole genome amplification WGA promises to eliminate practical molecular genetic analysis limitations associated with genomic DNA gDNA quantity. The paper evaluates the performance of multiple displacement amplification MDA WGA using gDNA extracted from lymphoblastoid cell lines (N=27) with a range of starting gDNA input of 1-200 ng into the WGA...
- White papers 2005-09-16
- Profnet, a Method to Derive Profile-Profile Alignment Scoring Functions That Improves the Alignments of Distantly Related Proteins
- Profile-profile methods have been used for some years now to detect and align homologous proteins. The best such methods use information from the background distribution of amino acids and substitution tables either when constructing the profiles or in the scoring. The paper shows that ProfNet improves the discrimination of related...
- White papers 2005-10-14
- Quantitative Evaluation of Recall and Precision of CAT Crawler, a Search Engine Specialized on Retrieval of Critically Appraised Topics
- Critically Appraised Topics CATs are a useful tool that helps physicians to make clinical decisions as the healthcare moves towards the practice of Evidence-Based Medicine EBM. A web-based application, namely the CAT Crawler, was developed by Singapore's Bioinformatics Institute to allow physicians to adequately access available appraised topics on the...
- White papers 2004-12-10
- Sicily Statement on Evidence-Based Practice
- A variety of definitions of evidence-based practice EBP exist. However, definitions are in themselves insufficient to explain the underlying processes of EBP and to differentiate between an evidence-based process and evidence-based outcome. Evidence-Based Practice has evolved in both scope and definition. Evidence-Based Practice EBP requires that decisions about health care...
- White papers 2005-01-05
- Influence of Intense Multidisciplinary Follow-Up and Orlistat on Weight Reduction in a Primary Care Setting
- Obesity is the most common health problem in developed countries. Recently, several physicians' organizations have issued recommendations for treating obesity to family physicians, including instructions in nutrition, physical activity and medications. The aim of this study was to examine if effective weight-reducing treatment can be given by a family physician....
- White papers 2005-01-29
- Psychosocial Risk Factors for Obesity Among Women in a Family Planning Clinic
- The epidemiology of obesity in primary care populations has not been thoroughly explored. The study described in this paper contributes to filling this gap by investigating the relationship between obesity and different sources of personal stress, mental health, exercise, and demographic characteristics. Five hundred women who attended family planning clinics...
- White papers 2004-09-20
- Current Practices in Cancer Spatial Data Analysis: A Call for Guidance
- There has long been a recognition that place matters in health, from recognition of clusters of yellow fever and cholera in the 1800s to modern day analyses of regional and neighborhood effects on cancer patterns. The paper here provides a summary of discussions about current practices in the spatial analysis...
- White papers 2005-01-13
- The Burden of Non Communicable Diseases in Developing Countries
- Non communicable diseases are more and more prevalent in developing countries where they double the burden of infective diseases. If the present trend is maintained, the health systems in low-and middle-income countries will be unable to support the burden of disease. Prominent causes for heart disease, diabetes, cancer and pulmonary...
- White papers 2005-01-14
- Cardiovascular Comorbidities Among Public Health Clinic Patients With Diabetes: The Urban Diabetics Study
- The paper involves determining the frequency and distribution of cardiovascular comorbidities in a large cohort of low-income patients with diabetes who had received primary care for diabetes at municipal health clinics. It further reveals that cardiovascular comorbidities were common both before and after diabetes diagnosis in this low-income cohort, but...
- White papers 2005-02-08
- Revisiting Immunosurveillance and Immunostimulation: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy
- Experimental and clinical experience demonstrates that the resolution of a pathogenic challenge depends not only on the presence or absence of an immune reaction, but also on the initiation of the proper type of immune reaction. This review discusses the duality of the role of the immune system in cancer,...
- White papers 2005-02-08
- Patient Attitudes Toward Using Computers to Improve Health Services Delivery
- The aim of this white paper study is to examine the acceptability of point of care computerized prompts to improve health services delivery among a sample of primary care patients. The paper suggest method to carry out this study and provides results that yield support for using computers to generate...
- White papers 2002-09-11
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