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- Developing Countries as Plaintiffs and Defendants in GATT/WTO Trade Disputes
- Developing countries have been increasing their participation in the formal institutions and proceedings of the multilateral trading system. A prominent example is their more frequent involvement as defendants and plaintiffs in GATT/WTO trade disputes. This paper provides an initial economic appraisal of developing country performance in the GATT/WTO dispute settlement...
- White papers 2003-06-01
- Why Are Safeguards Under the WTO so Unpopular?
- In recent years, more countries have increasingly turned to explicit, codified trade policy instruments of the international trading system such as antidumping measures. Countries have also increasingly participated in the institutions established to facilitate trade in the international system, such as the WTO's Dispute Settlement Understanding. Given these phenomena, a...
- White papers 2001-11-01
- Nondiscrimination and the WTO Agreement on Safeguards
- Most-favored-nation treatment, i.e., nondiscrimination among trading partners, is a fundamental principle of the GATT/WTO system. The WTO Agreement on Safeguards has thus been seen as encouraging use of a preferred form of contingent protection relative to antidumping and other inherently discriminatory measures. In practice, however, safeguard protection may also incorporate...
- White papers 2003-10-01
- On the Economic Success of GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement
- What features of the dispute settlement process help governments live up to their trade liberalization commitments? Exploiting data on GATT/WTO trade disputes initiated and completed between 1973 and 1998, this paper identifies economic and institutional determinants that help defendant governments commit to liberalizing trade. This paper finds substantial evidence consistent...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- Trade Taxes Are Expensive
- This paper examines the welfare implications of trade reforms in the presence of a government budget constraint. There is consensus about gains from opening up to trade. The less investigated question is, whether a coordinated tax reform, where the tariff revenue cuts are compensated with increases in distortionary domestic taxes,...
- White papers 2004-08-01
- The WTO Agreement on Safeguards: An Empirical Analysis of Discriminatory Impact
- The Uruguay Round Agreement on Safeguards represents an effort to improve the GATT safeguards SG process and thereby encourage countries to choose this option over antidumping and "Gray-area" measures such as bilaterally negotiated export restraints. This paper offers a first detailed analysis of the way safeguards initiated under the agreement...
- White papers 2003-10-01
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