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- Intellectual Property Rights And Foreign Direct Investment
- This paper reviews the theory and evidence on how intellectual property rights may influence decisions on FDI and technology transfers. The message is that, while there are indications that strengthening IPRs can be an effective incentive for inward FDI, it is only a component of a broader set of factors....
- White papers 2000-05-01
- Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, And International Technology Transfer: A Survey
- This paper surveys the trade literature on international technology transfer, paying particular attention to the role of foreign direct investment. A central question of interest is whether technologies introduced by multinationals diffuse to local firms. Major conclusions of theoretical models as well as the relevant empirical evidence regarding technology spillovers...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- Outsourcing Versus FDI In Industry Equilibrium
- From the executive summary: ‘The paper studies the determinants of the extent of outsourcing and of direct foreign investment in an industry in which producers need specialized components. Potential suppliers must make a relationship-specific investment in order to serve each prospective customer. Such investments are governed by imperfect contracts. A...
- White papers 2002-08-01
- Foreign Direct Investment on the Upswing
- Cross-border corporate investment could be reaching a tipping point. Expressing the greatest optimism in years, global investors show less concern about operational risks and expect to move more aggressively offshore. This article discusses how the US faces severe competitive pressures from two of the dynamic and rapidly evolving economies -...
- White papers 2005-04-05
- Modeling the Offshoring of White-Collar Services: From Comparative Advantage to the New Theories of Trade and FDI
- Trade theory consists of a portfolio of models. What elements might be useful in modeling the offshoring of white-collar services, or do these issues call for an entirely fresh approach? This paper identifies some of the important aspects of this phenomenon and then argue that modeling could focus on vertical...
- White papers 2005-12-01
- International Technology Diffusion: Effects of Trade and FDI
- This paper investigates both trade and FDI as channels of international R&D diffusion. Generally, trade has a stronger effect on TFP than FDI. More interestingly, the authors also find that there exist different effects of FDI and trade on R&D diffusion in DCs and LDCs. Both trade and FDI have...
- White papers 2005-12-01
- Foreign Direct Investment Through Acquisitions And Implications For Technological Upgrading
- Using a case-study approach, this study examines the role of privatisation on the industrial landscape of Tanzania. We examine the impact of FDI through acquisitions on technology transfer within the acquired firm. We also examine the potential for technology diffusion to other firms based in the host country. Our results...
- White papers 2003-09-01
- Foreign Direct Investment And R&D Offshoring
- This paper analyzes a two-country model of Foreign Direct Investment FDI. Two firms, each of which is originally situated in only one of the countries, first decide whether to build a plant in the foreign country. Then, they decide whether to relocate R&D activities. Finally, they engage in product-market competition....
- White papers 2006-06-01
- A Model Of Outsourcing And Foreign Direct Investment
- This paper presents a model in which two firms may use foreign direct investment or outsourcing in order to reduce the production cost of an intermediate input. Outsourcing requires training which is costly and creates a positive spillover. The paper shows that the equilibrium depends on the level of training...
- White papers 2005-12-01
- Outsourcing Versus Foreign Direct Investment: A Welfare Analysis
- Foreign direct investment may not necessarily be the most welfare enhancing form of international investment. The host country may avail options like - Joint venture, technology licensing, franchising, outsourcing etc. A host country's choice of organizational form should depend on its growth and welfare effects. This paper compares the welfare...
- White papers 2005-09-01
- Intellectual Property Rights, Imitation, And Foreign Direct Investment: Theory And Evidence
- What is the effect of a strengthening of Intellectual Property Rights IPR protection by developing countries on local imitation and inflows of Foreign Direct Investment FDI? This paper addresses this question both theoretically and empirically. On the theoretical side, a North-South product cycle model is developed in which Northern innovation,...
- White papers 2007-04-01
- The Impact Of ISO 9000 Diffusion On Trade And FDI: A New Institutional Analysis
- The effects of ISO 9000 diffusion on trade and FDI have gone understudied. Panel data reported by OECD nations over the 1995-2002 period is employed to estimate the impact of ISO adoptions on country-pair economic relations. ISO diffusion is found to have no effect in developed nations, but to positively...
- White papers 2006-12-01
- The Effects Of Outward Foreign Direct Investment On Domestic Investment
- This paper examines the relationship between outward foreign direct investments and domestic investments. It has been argued in the literature that such analysis should make a distinction between R&D intensive Schumpeterian and traditional type of industries. In line with this argument, two types of domestic investments have been distinguished: investments...
- White papers 2006-02-28
- Trade, Foreign Direct Investment Or Acquisition: Optimal Entry Modes For Multinationals
- This paper examines multinationals' optimal entry modes into foreign markets as a function of market size, FDI Foreign Direct Investment fixed costs, tariffs and transport costs. The results highlight why large countries are more likely to attract acquisition investment, while intermediate sized countries may be served predominantly through trade, even...
- White papers 2003-09-01
- Impact Of Intellectual Property Protection, Domestic Market Condition And R&D Expenditure On Foreign Direct Investment Inflow
- The focus of this paper is to highlight and provide an empirical investigation of the impact for the first five years period after the implementation of TRIPS agreement. This study used a cross-country data for the mixed periods (1996-2000) to see of the impact of selected designed institutional factor viz....
- White papers 2006-12-01
- Impact Of Intellectual Property Rights Reforms On The Diffusion Of Knowledge Through FDI
- This paper examines the impact of Intellectual Property Rights IPR reforms on the technology flows between the U.S. and countries where U.S. multinationals have established affiliates. Patent citations are used as a proxy for knowledge spillovers to examine whether the diffusion of new technology between the host countries and the...
- White papers 2005-12-01
- International Trade, Economic Growth And Intellectual Property Rights
- This paper examines the role of high-technology trade, IPRs Intellectual Property Rights and FDI Foreign Direct Investment in determining a country's rate of innovation and economic growth. The empirical analysis is conducted using a unique panel data set of 47 developed and developing countries from 1970 to 1990. The results...
- White papers 2004-07-01
- North-South Technology Diffusion: How Important Are Trade, FDI And International Telecommunications?
- There is an influential literature studying the impact on Total Factor Productivity TFP of foreign technology obtained through imports trade. This paper builds on that literature and is a first attempt to examine the effects on TFP in the South of technology developed in the North that is diffused not...
- White papers 2005-03-01
- Trade, Foreign Direct Investment And Spillover Effect: An Empirical Analysis On FDI And Import From G7 To China
- The theories of economic growth indicated a country's productivity depends not only on the domestic R&D (Research & Development) but also on Foreign R&D capital. Especially, the developing countries can benefit from R&D that is performed in the industrial countries by trading with the industrial countries or by receiving FDI...
- White papers 2006-10-01
- Foreign Outsourcing, Exporting, And FDI: A Productivity Comparison At The Firm Level
- This paper compares the productivity of firms active in foreign outsourcing, exporting, foreign direct investment, or only in domestic operations by a firm-level data of more than 118 thousand Japanese manufacturers. Only a small fraction of firms outsource, export, or invest across borders. The group averages, inter-firm distributions, regressions controlling...
- White papers 2004-11-11
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