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- Get Your International Business Terms Right
- Don't make the mistake of calling a company global when it's really just international -- or even worse, saying a company is multinational when it's really transnational! For convenience, it's common to use the umbrella term international business to describe business activities that extend past the borders of a company's...
- Blog posts 2007-06-07
- Troubled Banks, Impaired Foreign Direct Investment
- The relative wealth hypothesis of Froot and Stein (1991), motivated by the aggregate correlation between real exchange rates and foreign direct investment FDI observed in the 1980s, cannot explain one of the major shifts in FDI in the 1990s. Using both bank-level and firm-level data sets, we find that financial...
- White papers 2000-08-08
- Chains of Ownership, Regional Tax Competition and Foreign Direct Investment
- This paper considers the effect of taxation on the location of foreign direct investment FDI and taxable income reported by multinational firms with particular attention to the regional dynamics of tax competition and the role of chains of ownership. Confidential affiliate-level data are used to compare the investment and income-reporting...
- White papers 2002-09-18
- The Effects of Outbound Foreign Direct Investment on the Domestic Capital Stock
- This paper analyzes the effect of outbound foreign direct investment FDI on the domestic capital stock. The first part of the paper shows that only about 20 percent of the value of assets owned by U.S. affiliates abroad is financed by cross-border flows of capital from the United States. An...
- White papers 2000-12-21
- The Role of Information in Driving FDI Flows
- This paper has developed a simple information-based model of FDI flows. On the one hand, the abundance of intangible' capital in specialized industries in the source countries, which presumably generates expertise in screening investment projects in the host countries, enhances FDI flows. On the other hand, host-country corporate-transparency diminishes the...
- White papers 2003-04-29
- Multinational Enterprises, International Trade, and Productivity Growth: Firm-Level Evidence from the United States
- This paper estimates international technology spillovers to U.S. manufacturing firms via imports and foreign direct investment FDI between 1987 and 1996. In contrast to earlier work, the results suggest that FDI leads to substantial productivity gains for domestic firms. The size of FDI spillovers is economically important, accounting for about...
- White papers 2003-12-01
- The Role of Information In Driving FDI Flows: Host-Country Transparency And Source-Country Specialization
- This paper discusses a simple information-based model of FDI flows. On the one hand, the abundance of "intangible" capital in specialized industries in the source countries, which presumably generates expertise in screening investment projects in the host countries, enhances FDI flows. On the other hand, host-country corporate-transparency diminishes the value...
- White papers 2003-07-01
- Mode Of Foreign Entry, Technology Transfer, And FDI Policy
- Host countries often associate inflows of foreign direct investment FDI with a wide variety of benefits, the most common of which are transfers of modern technologies and more competitive product markets. Perhaps surprisingly, restrictions on FDI are also common. The most frequently observed policy restrictions are those on the number...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- Intellectual Property Rights And Foreign Direct Investment
- This paper reviews the theory and evidence on how intellectual property rights may influence decisions on FDI and technology transfers. The message is that, while there are indications that strengthening IPRs can be an effective incentive for inward FDI, it is only a component of a broader set of factors....
- White papers 2000-05-01
- Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, And International Technology Transfer: A Survey
- This paper surveys the trade literature on international technology transfer, paying particular attention to the role of foreign direct investment. A central question of interest is whether technologies introduced by multinationals diffuse to local firms. Major conclusions of theoretical models as well as the relevant empirical evidence regarding technology spillovers...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- To Share Or Not To Share: Does Local Participation Matter For Spillovers From Foreign Direct Investment?
- This article examines whether the degree of spillovers from foreign direct investment is affected by the foreign ownership share in investment projects. The analysis, based on an unbalanced panel of Romanian firms during 1998-2000, produces evidence consistent with positive intra-sectoral spillovers resulting from fully owned foreign affiliates but not from...
- White papers 2003-08-01
- Mode Of Foreign Entry,Technology Transfer, and FDI Policy
- Foreign direct investment FDI can take place either through the direct entry of foreign firms or the acquisition of existing domestic firms. The preferences of a foreign firm and the host country government over these two modes of FDI are examined in the presence of costly technology transfer. The trade-off...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- What Drives Capital Flows? The Case of Cross-Border M&A Activity and Financial Deepening
- The question this article tries to address is what macroeconomic and financial variables play key roles in the foreign direct investment decision FDI of firms? This question is addressed in this article using a large panel data set of cross-border Merger & Acquisition (M&A) deals for the period 1990-1999. Various...
- White papers 2002-01-01
- FDI Confidence Index
- Top corporate decision-makers around the world remained skeptical about the revival of the U.S. economy in 2002. Despite the fitful signs of a nascent economic recovery in the United States, the excesses of the economic boom of the 1990s continue to unravel and dampen corporate investors' outlook. In this article...
- White papers 2002-09-01
- Foreign Direct Investment In Emerging Markets: Income, Repatriations And Financial Vulnerabillities
- Based on U.S. data, the returns on foreign direct investment in emerging markets are shown to be substantially higher than would be suggested by official balance of payments statistics. This paper identifies the determinants of FDI profitability in 43 industrialized and developing countries. After financial leverage and the effect of...
- White papers 2002-03-01
- Reversal of Fortunes: Democratic Institutions And Foreign Direct Investment Inflows To Developing Countries
- The article argues that democratic institutions have conflicting effects on FDI inflows. On the one hand, democratic institutions hinder FDI inflows. They tend to limit the oligopolistic or monopolistic behaviors of multinational enterprises, facilitate indigenous businesses' pursuit of protection from foreign capital, and constrain host governments' ability to offer generous...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- Good Medicine Or Snake Oil? Foreign Direct Investment's Effects On Less Developed Countries
- The relationship between foreign direct investment FDI and less developed countries LDCs is controversial. Dependency thinkers and their heirs argue that FDI is a conduit for neoimperialist exploitation of LDCs by the wealthy. Modernization theorists and their descendents see FDI as a source of values, practices and economic goods that...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- External Capital Structure-Theory And Evidence
- Recent years have witnessed a change in the composition of capital flows to developing countries, and FDI and equity flows have been playing an increasing role. In this article, one discusses the challenges for international macroeconomics that these developments pose and characterize stylized facts associated with the structure of external...
- White papers 2000-08-01
- Reversal Of Fortunes: Democracy, Property Rights And Foreign Direct Investment Inflows To Developing Countries
- The question this article addresses is does increased democracy promote or jeopardize Foreign Direct Investment FDI inflows to Less Developed Countries LDCs. It argues that democracy affects FDI inflows through competing causal avenues. On one hand, the higher levels of political participation and representation that are part of more democratic...
- White papers 2001-10-19
- U.S. Processed Food Exports And Foreign Direct Investment In The Western Hemisphere
- U.S. exports of processed food products and sales by foreign affiliates of U.S. companies in the industry have been growing rapidly. Canada and Mexico are the United States' two major trading partners in the Western Hemisphere, while small quantities of processed food products are exported to a number of other...
- White papers 2002-07-01
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