Advances in information technology have transformed virtually every industry. While businesses across the economy have readily adapted, far fewer have sought to adequately protect themselves financially from the new exposures they face. The risks are not limited to technology companies. All businesses that have made the Internet and new information...
In this paper, one exposures the repeat exposure effect of Internet advertising. By using a field data set of 34 advertising campaigns, one analyzes functional forms of the repeat exposure effect of Internet advertising. Among four ad effectiveness measures including aided brand awareness, message recall, brand opinion favorability, and purchase...
The intent of this document is to articulate many of the issues involved with mixed exposures as well as to recommend research strategies and define research priorities that could lead to improved interventions for protecting workers from mixed exposures. The importance of mixed-exposure research for controlling the occupational environment and...
The 2004 Risk Report summarizes the experience of the City of Eugene's Risk Services programs during fiscal year 2004. The purpose of the Risk Report is to provide a reference tool and resource which will help department and division managers and supervisors understand and manage their risk-related exposures and losses....
A well functioning interbank market is essential for efficient financial intermediation. But interbank exposures imply the possibility of direct contagion: the insolvency of a single institution may trigger multiple bank failures due to direct credit exposures. The complete network of interbank exposures that gives rise to this channel of contagion...
Portfolio optimization requires the minimal risk with certain expected return. The portfolio optimization, or risk management, cannot be done by simply minimizing the exposure of the portfolio to each single risk factor independently. In this context the paper explains that the objectives of developing sector exposure models are two-fold: helping...
Commerzbank wanted real-time support for its trading operation in terms of what-if, predeal exposure estimates while reducing hardware and maintenance costs. Commerzbank has taken SunGard's Adaptiv Analytics to replace completely its existing risk engine for credit exposure. Adaptiv Analytics incorporates MC² - SunGard's unique methodology for computing portfolio credit exposure...
Typically, an individual uses a camera flash to add light when there's not enough ambient illumination for a well-exposed shot, or to fill in shadows for portrait subjects. In either of these scenarios, one typically has a relatively fast shutter speed (1/60 of a second or so) with the flash...
First, the paper reviews the historical use of current inflation sensitive exposure bases and identities three criteria that an exposure base must fulfill. The paper studies the correlation between changes in losses and changes in exposures and discusses the impact on ratemaking of estimating future exposures. The purpose of the...
The study presented in this paper investigates the influence of both financial and operational hedges on the foreign-exchange exposure of U.S. multinational corporations. Three important contributions to the authors' research are to provide evidence that exposure of U.S. MNCs to foreign-exchange risk is asymmetric; the authors' results demonstrate that both...
Lead is a cumulative and toxic substance. People who swallow or inhale lead compounds may become ill or die from lead poisoning. Employers must be aware of workplace hazards facing their workers and must take appropriate action to minimize or eliminate exposure to these hazards. This paper discusses precautions that...
Insurers have responded to deterioration in the overall asbestos litigation environment with increasing levels of reserves. Ground-up exposure-based modeling can help insurers better manage their exposure and respond to external audiences about how reserves were estimated. Exposure-based modeling incorporates the underlying claim potential and coverage information at the insured level....
Proposed legislative reforms and Supreme Court’s anticipated decision in Norfolk & Western Railroad Co. may change where and when asbestos suits is brought against property owners and occupants. It is nearly certain, however, that for the near future increasing number asbestos claims will continue to be brought on premises liability...
The article first gives the background Information on Tractebel, then explains benefits of multilateral netting using some examples. Without multilateral netting, the total guaranty credit exposure is $172 MM. It shows an example where multilateral netting reduces the guaranty credit exposure by 88%. Multilateral netting reduces the average exposure, as...
Primary environmental loss exposures facing technology companies can be described that includes legal liability for bodily injury and property damage for pollution conditions at a property, clean up costs for a pollution condition at a property, ƒnlegal costs for the defense of liability claims and government investigations etc. This article...
There is a relatively new insurance product for exposures arising out of being connect to the Internet. This coverage is often misunderstood and can be difficult to sell. Article discusses the new exposures that strictly arise out of being connected to the internet.
The growth of financial markets in Asia and Latin America and the allure of globalization have made the analysis and assessment of country risk a critical component of valuation in recent years. This paper considers two issues. The first is the whether country risk should be considered explicitly in valuation,...
Article talks about a model with country- and industry-specific shocks that extend the dummy variable model used in the portfolio diversification literature by relaxing the restriction that all stocks with exposure to a given shock have the same exposure to that shock. It is find that: i) This restriction is...
This paper examines how corporations’ exposures to interest rates, exchange rates, and commodity prices are related to investors' and analysts' expectations about firms' earnings. The results indicate that investors and analysts encounter difficulties estimating the earnings effects of the risk exposures that companies face. Stock returns around earnings announcements are...
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