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- Outsourcing Versus FDI In Industry Equilibrium
- From the executive summary: ‘The paper studies the determinants of the extent of outsourcing and of direct foreign investment in an industry in which producers need specialized components. Potential suppliers must make a relationship-specific investment in order to serve each prospective customer. Such investments are governed by imperfect contracts. A...
- White papers 2002-08-01
- Foreign Direct Investment on the Upswing
- Cross-border corporate investment could be reaching a tipping point. Expressing the greatest optimism in years, global investors show less concern about operational risks and expect to move more aggressively offshore. This article discusses how the US faces severe competitive pressures from two of the dynamic and rapidly evolving economies -...
- White papers 2005-04-05
- Outsourcing Versus Foreign Direct Investment: A Welfare Analysis
- Foreign direct investment may not necessarily be the most welfare enhancing form of international investment. The host country may avail options like - Joint venture, technology licensing, franchising, outsourcing etc. A host country's choice of organizational form should depend on its growth and welfare effects. This paper compares the welfare...
- White papers 2005-09-01
- A Model Of Outsourcing And Foreign Direct Investment
- This paper presents a model in which two firms may use foreign direct investment or outsourcing in order to reduce the production cost of an intermediate input. Outsourcing requires training which is costly and creates a positive spillover. The paper shows that the equilibrium depends on the level of training...
- White papers 2005-12-01
- Modeling the Offshoring of White-Collar Services: From Comparative Advantage to the New Theories of Trade and FDI
- Trade theory consists of a portfolio of models. What elements might be useful in modeling the offshoring of white-collar services, or do these issues call for an entirely fresh approach? This paper identifies some of the important aspects of this phenomenon and then argue that modeling could focus on vertical...
- White papers 2005-12-01
- International Outsourcing Through Foreign Direct Investment And Intellectual Property Protection
- This paper studies international outsourcing through Foreign Direct Investment FDI by Multinational Enterprise MNE. Outsourcing process is decomposed to two steps? choosing production location and shipping products back to home country. Outsourcing is measured as the ratio of affiliate sales over US parent sales. Based on cost comparison, Factors that...
- White papers 2004-09-01
- The Relationship Between Outsourcing And Wage Inequality Under Sector-Specific FDI Barriers
- A general equilibrium model is developed in which two final goods are assembled from a continuum of intermediate goods that differ in intensity between skilled and unskilled labor. A range of intermediate goods are outsourced from North to South through foreign direct investment FDI. Outsourcing shifts demand toward skilled labor...
- White papers 2003-08-20
- Foreign Outsourcing, Exporting, And FDI: A Productivity Comparison At The Firm Level
- This paper compares the productivity of firms active in foreign outsourcing, exporting, foreign direct investment, or only in domestic operations by a firm-level data of more than 118 thousand Japanese manufacturers. Only a small fraction of firms outsource, export, or invest across borders. The group averages, inter-firm distributions, regressions controlling...
- White papers 2004-11-11
- Welfare Implications Of Outsourcing Versus FDI In The Host Country
- Foreign Direct Investment FDI may not necessarily be the most welfare enhancing form of international sourcing. The host country may avail options like - Joint venture, technology licensing, franchising, outsourcing etc. A host country's choice of organizational form should depend on its growth and welfare effects. This paper compares the...
- White papers 2006-01-04
- Technology Flows, Outsourcing And Productivity: An Analysis Of UK Trade And FDI
- The paper on technology spillovers from trade and FDI Foreign Direct Investment is ambiguous in its findings. This may in part be because of the assumption in much of the work that trade and FDI flows are homogeneous in their determinants and thus in their effects. A taxonomy of trade...
- White papers 2007-02-01
- Export Outsourcing And Foreign Direct Investment
- Exporting and FDI Foreign Direct Investment have traditionally been two major firm-level responses to globalization. Export Outsourcing EO, a new strategy that gained in importance, has now become another alternative. This paper seeks to examine how firms choose between EO and outward FDI by looking into firm-level productivity differences. A...
- White papers 2005-05-10
- FDI In Services And Market Access: A Paradox Of Trade Liberalization
- In an international oligopoly model, this paper investigates interaction between trade liberalization in goods and liberalization in service FDI Foreign Direct Investment. Since some services are market-specific and have non-tradable nature, a foreign firm has a higher cost in service provisions compared to its domestic competitor and it can overcome...
- White papers 2006-12-01
Additional Resources
- The Determinants Of Outsourcing From The U. S.
- The issue of outsourcing as a form of foreign direct investment FDI has been widely discussed in the recent past. In this essay, the author analyzes what determines the outsourcing activity by looking at U. S. manufacturing industries between 1972 and 2002. The author concentrates on correlation between the measure...
- White papers 2005-09-27
- How Outsourcing Affect Bilateral Political Relations
- One issue the literature neglects is how outsourcing stimulates trade (imports, exports and foreign direct investment), thereby affecting political relations. However, at least as far back as 1750, economic philosophers such as Baron de Montesquieu in his L'Esprit des Lois, argued, "Peace is the natural effect of trade." This paper...
- White papers 2004-10-01
- Global Sourcing, Technology, And Factor Intensity: Firm-Level Relationships
- This paper empirically examines how technology and capital intensity are related with the firm's global sourcing decision. Firm-level data are derived from a survey covering all manufacturing industries in Japan without any firm-size threshold. Firms are disaggregated by their make-or-buy decision (in-house or outsourcing) and by their choice of sourcing...
- White papers 2007-03-19
- China on Foreign Shopping Spree, McKinsey Says
- With all the talk of outsourcing to China, there is more evidence that China is expanding overseas. McKinsey & Co. reports that China doubled its direct foreign investments to $26 billion in the first quarter of 2008 compared to the first quarter of 2007. McKinsey notes that...
- Blog posts 2008-06-13
- China Blazes a Trail in Africa- Should American Businesses Follow?
- China Blazes a Trail in Africa- Should American Businesses Follow?Africas Solutions Can Be Found In Developing IPOWe agree that there exist strong attractiveness in doing investment within Mother Africa is an opportunity that must not be over looked particularly when there exist the lack of process for among...
- Discussion threads 2007-08-28
- Expanding Overseas:The Best Small Markets
- Thanks to job growth and newfound political stability, these smaller markets present a big opportunity for U.S. and other western companies to expand. .expansionPic { width:324px; float:right; margin:0px 0 10px 10px; padding:5px 5px 0; background:#edece7; border:1px solid #d4d4d4; } * html .expansionPic { display:inline; margin-top:20px;} ...
- Articles 2008-04-21
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