This paper deals with the voting rules in the EU Council. Both internal and external impact of the voting rules is evaluated. Internal impact affects the distribution of power among the member states and external impact affects power relations between the main decision-making bodies in the EU. One of the...
In the 1990s the US hospital industry consolidated. This paper estimates the impact of the wave of hospital mergers on welfare focusing on the impact on consumer surplus for the under-65 population. For the purposes of quantifying the price impact of consolidations, hospitals are modeled as an input to the...
In models with heterogeneous firms trade integration has a positive impact on aggregate productivity through the selection of the best firms as import competition drives the least productive ones out of the market. To quantify the impact of firm selection a multi-country multi-sector model with monopolistic competition and variable markups...
Another influenza pandemic is all but inevitable. This paper estimates its potential impact on the primary care medical workforce in New Zealand, so that planning could mitigate the disruption from the pandemic and similar challenges. Preparedness planning for future influenza pandemics must consider the impact on this medical workforce and...
The evidence continues to accumulate: cultural factors exercise a considerable impact on public attitudes and behaviors toward the environment and the way the public frames environmental issues (e.g., DUNLAP, GALLUP & GALLUP, 1993a; INGLEHART, 1990, 1995, 1997; KEMPTON, BOSTER & HARTLEY, 1995; STERN, DIETZ & GUAGNANO, 1995, 1998; STERN, DIETZ,...
This paper highlights a research that attempts to quantify the marginal impact of networking as part of an effort to evaluate the concept of Network Centric Operations. Based on force-on-force simulation experiments, the paper addresses the relative impact of these components on overall warfighter effectiveness. The agent-based force-on-force simulator tool,...
The impact of Information Technology IT on improving the productivity of information work has been mixed. While some firms have realized gains, many others have found the benefits to be elusive. To further this line of research, it is necessary to understand the operational and process-level changes and isolate the...
This paper reports a comprehensive survey that describes the impact of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 the Act from the perspective of CFOs who are members of the Financial Executives Institute FEI. Congress passed the Act in response to a wave of corporate scandals. It is the major legislation of...
In the 21st century, three major evolutionary changes have and will have a profound impact on the functioning of markets: the globalisation of the world economy, the integration of electronic commerce into one's professional and private lives and the emergence of new values promoting a market economy model aimed at...
This paper describes the energy technology and its impact on environment, safety, and health. The environmental account of energy is especially heavy. The impacts stem from two sources. The production, transformation and transport of energy cause environmental strain typical of heavy industry. While there have been great strides to reduce...
From the executive summary: 'Economic impacts of unionization on employers are difficult to estimate in the absence of large, representative data on establishments with union status information. Estimates are also confounded by selection bias because unions could organize at highly profitable enterprises that are more likely to grow and pay...
This white paper document examines the potential impact on readmissions and mortality of specialist heart failure services capable of delivering treatments such as b-blockers and Nurse-Led Educational Intervention (N-LEI). The paper suggests that local use of information from audit, routine administrative data and the literature can help estimate the impact...
US imports of milk protein products, particularly certain Milk Protein Concentrates MPC have increased dramatically since 1995. In 2000, the farm price of milk in the US had reached very low levels by historical standards. Thus, the concern that MPC imports are generally having a large negative impact on milk...
This paper provides an analysis of three promising vehicle technology and fuel-related areas for saving oil and reducing CO2 emissions from transport, and how strong policy measures in these areas could turn transport around by 2030. Policy-making is not easy if the impacts of various measures are uncertain, and if...
From the executive summary: ‘Much has been written about the impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act SOA on the financial community, but little has been discussed about its impact on supply management. Nevertheless, three sections of the SOA have a direct and profound effect on supply management.’ The paper briefs about...
This paper combines information from several sources to measure the impacts of Medicare eligibility on health-related outcomes. The paper also uses hospital discharge records from California and Florida to examine changes in the number and characteristics of hospital admissions at age 65.Throughout the paper we focus on the differential impacts...
The impact of third party Internet sites on hotel reservations has been the focus of intense debate in the hotel industry. This article attempts to quantify the financial impact of third party sites on U.S. hotel industry room revenues and profits. While many hotel operators believe these sites have a...
A risk is something that may happen and if it does, will have an adverse impact on the project. A few points here - "that may happen" implies a probability of less then 100%. If it has a probability of 100% - in other words it will happen - it...
Private companies are beginning to experience lessons that the public company sector learned six months ago. The reach of corporate governance reforms in the wake of Enron, WorldCom, and other corporate scandals -- while focused on public companies and capital markets -- extends long and deep. The reforms have significant...
This article talks about providing a theoretical framework for the study of the impacts of marketing strategies on general happiness. The goal is to provide a road map to establish a link between constructs of consumer behavior and happiness. The need for the development of a theoretical framework stems from...
