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- intellectual property rights, Imitation, And Foreign Direct Investment: Theory And Evidence
- What is the effect of a strengthening of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protection by developing countries on local imitation and inflows of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)? This paper addresses this question both theoretically and empirically. On the theoretical side, a North-South product cycle model is developed in which Northern innovation,...
- White papers 2007-04-01
- The Value Of intellectual property rights To Firms
- Economists view Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) as policy tools for encouraging innovation. There are many types of IPRs and of institutions concerned with their administration. This paper begins by outlining how these complex and varied rights are supposed to work and how they interact with other characteristics of firms and...
- White papers 2007-03-01
- Turning Competitor Data into Competitive Advantage
- Competitor analysis (CA) has developed from simply gathering data about competitors to in-depth analysis of competitors’ strategies and actions. CA can help you learn more about the overall competitive environment and any vulnerabilities in your own business. The most successful businesses are those that effectively transform competitor data into insights...
- Articles 2007-06-26
- Innovationa And Limitations With And Without intellectual property rights
- The literature on innovation and intellectual property rights such as patents and copyright has tended to assume the pure nonrivalry of 'Ideas ideas' and other intellectual goods. Yet this is at odds with an extensive set of empirical facts, most prominent the evidence that returns from innovation are appropriated primarily...
- White papers 2006-12-07
- Trade, Imitative Ability And intellectual property rights
- Economic theory suggests some ambiguity concerning the effects of strengthening Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on international trade. Here the empirical literature is extended that attempts to resolve this ambiguity. Panel data is used to estimate a gravity equation for manufacturing exports, in aggregate and by industry, from five advanced countries...
- White papers 2006-08-01
- Do intellectual property rights Stimulate R&D And Productivity Growth?
- Through domestic and international legislative reforms, various countries are adopting new and stronger intellectual property protections. A severe shortage of evidence exists as to the effects of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) on R&D and productivity growth, among other things. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to help enhance the...
- White papers 2005-09-29
- Parallel Research, Multiple intellectual property right Protection Instruments, And The Correlation Among R&D Projects
- The choice of a research path in attacking scientific and technological problems is a significant component of firms' R&D (Research & Development) strategy. One of the findings of the patent races literature is that, in a competitive market setting, firms' non-cooperative choices of research projects display an excessive degree of...
- White papers 2005-09-01
- Implications Of intellectual property rights For Dynamic Gains From Trade
- A simple Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) framework is introduced into a dynamic quality ladder model of technological diffusion between innovating firms in one country and imitating firms in another country. The presence of technological spillovers and feedback effects between firms in the two countries demonstrates that, even when steady state...
- White papers 2005-07-11
- Do Stronger intellectual property rights Increase International Technology Transfer?
- This paper examines how technology transfer within U.S. multinational firms changes in response to a series of IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) reforms undertaken by 16 countries over the 1982-1999 period. Analysis of detailed firm-level data reveals that royalty payments for technology transferred to affiliates increase at the time of reforms,...
- White papers 2005-07-01
- How Enforcement Of intellectual property rights Affects The International Technology Transfer
- How stronger intellectual property rights affect technology transfer is one of important issues of international microeconomics. This paper examines empirically their effect on technology transfer in the world by using the panel data of Japanese multinational firms. The results of the estimation reveal that the technology transfer measured by royalty...
- White papers 2005-06-01
- 'intellectual property right' Or 'Intellectual Monopoly Privilege': Which One Should Patent Analysts Focus On?
- This paper challenges the existing mainstream law and economic literature arguing that patents do not, generally, confer monopolies, but that they should be understood and analysed as competitive properties. Such views do not provide vital reservations for the tightening, and increased enforcement, of the patent system that we are currently...
- White papers 2005-05-10
- Parallel Trade, International Exhaustion And intellectual property rights: A Welfare Analysis
- This paper analyses the issue of parallel trade (arbitrage) for products protected by intellectual property rights. Many countries have traditionally allowed owners of intellectual property rights to prohibit arbitrage in the face of international price discrimination. In a well-known paper Malueg and Schwartz (1994) showed that this policy decreases social...
- White papers 2005-04-05
- The Global Ratchet For intellectual property rights: Why IT Fails As Policy And What Should Be Done About IT
- The author argued for three propositions, namely that the US should shed its subtle isolationism, work towards world goals that did not advantage it "At the expense of other nations and peoples" and choose goals that were positive rather than negative. Eleanor Roosevelt's propositions constitute an interesting test of US...
- White papers 2005-03-29
- Do Formal intellectual property rights Hinder The Free Flow Of Scientific Knowledge?
- While the potential for intellectual property rights to inhibit the diffusion of scientific knowledge is at the heart of several contemporary policy debates, evidence for the "Anticommons effects" has been anecdotal. This paper develops and implement an empirical approach to uncover this effect, exploiting two key aspects of the process...
- White papers 2005-03-01
- The Political Economy Of Intellectual Property Protection: The Case Of Software
- The end of the twentieth century was marked by a sea change in global governance in the realm of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs). Whereas countries historically retained substantial autonomy with regard to what they defined as intellectual ''Property'' and the rights granted to the owners of intellectual property, the 1990s...
- White papers 2005-01-28
- Innovation, Inequality And intellectual property rights
- The existing literature on the sources and nature of productivity growth during the early industrialization stages of U.S. has identified the combination of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) with a large middle class and broad participation in markets as explanations for the extraordinary level and growth of patenting. This paper considers...
- White papers 2005-01-01
- intellectual property rights, Competition Policy And Innovation: Is There A Problem?
- Most of us share the presumption that when markets work well, they ought to be left undisturbed to get on with it. When, however, markets do not work well - when a "Market failure" of some type or other occurs - then there is scope for policy intervention. The case...
- White papers 2004-10-01
- intellectual property rights and Creative Heritages
- Producers integrate regularly new ways of production, new ideas, new recipes, and new flavor combinations in order to renew gastronomic practice. In fact, it evolves with impulses given by the French leading chef that is the symbolic meaning they want to give to their production. For instance, in the seventies...
- White papers 2004-07-05
- International Trade, Economic Growth And intellectual property rights
- This paper examines the role of high-technology trade, IPRs (Intellectual Property Rights) and FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) in determining a country's rate of innovation and economic growth. The empirical analysis is conducted using a unique panel data set of 47 developed and developing countries from 1970 to 1990. The results...
- White papers 2004-07-01
- Networks, Partnerships, Clusters And intellectual property rights
- Even more than larger firms, SMEs (Small and Medium Sized Enterprise) need to access external sources of information, knowledge, know-how and technologies, in order to build their own innovative capability and to reach their markets. They can only partly secure such access through markets for goods, services, IPRs (Intellectual Property...
- White papers 2004-06-03
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