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- Unsupervised and Adaptive Segmentation of Multispectral 3D Magnetic Resonance Images of Human Brain: A Generic Approach
- This paper provides a generic algorithm for the segmentation of three dimensional multi-spectral magnetic resonance images. The algorithm is unsupervised and adaptive, does not require initialization, classifies the data in any number of tissue classes and suggests an optimal number of classes. It uses a statistical model including Bayesian distributions...
- White papers
- Acquisition FDI And The Export Intensity Of Multinational Firms
- This paper investigates the impact of acquisition FDI Foreign Direct Investment on exporting intensity in U.K manufacturing. A quasi-likelihood estimation method is used, and the empirical estimates point to the following conclusions: UK firms with higher exporting intensity are more likely to be foreign takeover targets; US acquired firms increase...
- White papers 2005-01-28
- Kalman-Bucy Filtering for Linear Systems Driven by the Cox Process With Shot Noise Intensity and Its Application to the Pricing of Reinsurance Contracts
- In practical situations, the number of claims to an insurance portfolio is observed but not the claim intensity. It is therefore of interest to try to solve the filtering problem, that is to obtain the best estimate of the claim intensity on the basis of reported claims. This paper states...
- White papers 2004-09-17
- The Spatial Scales, Distribution, and Intensity of Natural Marine Hydrocarbon Seeps near Coal Oil Point, California
- The paper mentions that natural hydrocarbon seepage from marine environments is an important source of methane and other gases to the atmosphere. Quantifying this flux is necessary for constraining global budgets and understanding local air pollution sources. A field of strong hydrocarbon seepage offshore of Coal Oil Point near Santa...
- White papers 2004-09-01
- Estimating Velocity Fields on a Freeway From Low Resolution Video
- They present an algorithm to estimate velocity fields from low resolution video recordings. The algorithm does not attempt to identify and track individual vehicles, nor does it attempt to estimate derivatives of the field of pixel intensities. Rather, they compress a frame by obtaining an intensity profile in each lane...
- White papers 2004-07-07
- The Timing, Intensity, and Composition of Interest Group Lobbying: An Analysis of Structural Policy Windows in the States
- This paper statistically examines the timing of interest group lobbying. It introduces a theoretical framework based on recurring structural policy windows' and argues that these types of windows should have a large effect on the intensity and timing of interest group activity. Using a new database of all lobbying expenditures...
- White papers 2004-06-01
- A New Approach For Measuring And Classifying The Technological Change Intensity
- This paper introduces the Scale of Innovation Intensity SIIN based on meta-taxonomy that subsumes other, less comprehensive taxonomies. The SIIN is similar to seismic scale used to measure the intensity of earthquakes. The intensity of technological change is measured by an indicator, called Magnitude, based on the impact of technological...
- White papers 2004-05-14
- Blind Trust: Market Control, State Policy, and the Dynamics of Competitive Intensity in the Early American Film Industry, 1893-1920
- This paper examines the institutional ecology of competitive dynamics by focusing on the role of the state in mediating the dynamics of competitive intensity. The context is the early American film industry. The study the means by which a trust, The Motion Pictures Patents Corporation was able to affect both...
- White papers 2004-04-30
- Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Multi-Layer Plain Weave Fabric Laminates With Transverse Cracks at Cryogenic Temperatures
- This paper presents the stress intensity factors for internal and edge cracks in multi-layer glass/epoxy plain weave fabric laminates subjected to uniaxial tension load at cryogenic temperatures. Cracks are considered to have occurred in the transverse fiber bundles. Finite element analysis of the limiting case when the cracks extend to...
- White papers 2004-02-06
- Default Risk And Diversification: Theory And Empirical Implications
- Recent advances in the theory of credit risk allow the use of standard term structure machinery for default risk modeling and estimation. The empirical literature in this area often interprets the drift adjustments of the default intensity’s diffusion state variables as the only default risk premium. It shows that this...
- White papers 2003-11-27
- Screening and Advising by a Venture Capitalist With a Time Constraint
- This paper proposes an intertemporal model of venture capital investment with screening and advising where the venture capitalist's time endowment is the scarce input factor. Screening improves the selection of firms receiving finance, advising allows firms to develop a marketable product, both have a variable intensity. In this setup, optimal...
- White papers 2003-11-24
- Default And Information
- In traditional models, it is implicitly assumed that the information used to calibrate and run the model is publicly available. In reality, model inputs and parameters are uncertain. The authors develop a class of structural default models in which investors are uncertain about the assets or the liability-dependent default barrier....
- White papers 2003-08-20
- Successive Correlated Defaults: Pricing Trends And Simulation
- This paper generalizes the structural incomplete observation models of default proposed by Duffie & Lando (2001) and Giesecke (2001b) to the multi- firm case with correlated defaults. This approach accommodates the well-documented cyclical correlation effects as well as default cascading effects, which are implied by the incomplete information of investors....
- White papers 2003-03-03
- Analysis & Valuation Of Subordinate Structures In Collateralized Baskets Of Defaultable Obligations
- This paper analyzes subordinate tranches in collateralized debt obligations and proposes a model for approximating the value of a basket of default-correlated debt assets. The model is calibrated to a pure intensity-based simulation of correlated defaults and represents an alternative computation method. Timing of individual obligor defaults are driven by...
- White papers 2003-03-01
- Analysis And Valuation Of Subordinate Structures In Collateralized Baskets Of Defaultable Obligations
- This paper analyzes subordinate tranches in collateralized debt obligations and proposes a model for approximating the value of a basket of default-correlated debt assets. The model is calibrated to a pure intensity-based simulation of correlated defaults and represents an alternative computation method. Timing of individual obligor defaults are driven by...
- White papers 2003-03-01
- Michael Porter?s Five Forces Model
- An industry?s profit potential is largely determined by the intensity of competitive, intensity of competitive rivalry within that industry. This article discusses the concept of porter five-force model. It explains that there are five forces that determine industry attractiveness and long-run industry profitability. These five "competitive forces" are threat of...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- Credit Switch
- A credit switch is the simultaneous purchase of credit protection on one asset and the sale of credit protection on another asset. This article provides a model for valuing this credit derivative whose payoff depends on the identities of a given list of credit events, such as defaults. The survival...
- White papers 2001-07-31
- Firm Size and Export Intensity: A Transaction Costs and Resource-Based Perspective
- This paper presents a unifying theory, explaining the different relationships between firm size and export intensity that have been found in previous studies. It proposes that transaction costs economies and different types of resources induce a moderating effect on the firm size and export intensity relationship. Data on international businesses...
- White papers 2001-02-01
- Doubly Stochastic Poisson Process and the Pricing of Catastrophe Reinsurance Contract
- The paper uses a doubly stochastic Poisson process or the Cox process to model the claim arrival process for catastrophic events. The shot noise process is used for the claim intensity function within the Cox process. The Cox process with shot noise intensity is examined by piecewise deterministic Markov process...
- White papers 2000-05-22
- Level Set Based Segmentation With Intensity and Curvature Priors
- A method is presented for segmentation of anatomical structures that incorporates prior information about the intensity and curvature profile of the structure from a training set of images and boundaries. Specifically, this paper models the intensity distribution as a function of signed distance from the object boundary, instead of modeling...
- White papers 2000-04-18
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