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40 Resources for

temperature

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Horizontal Form-Fill-Seal: Pouch King continuous-motion horizontal form-fill-seal system provides a consistent temperature profile along the vertical seal to ensure a high-quality side seal. Temperature can be adjusted easily to accommodate a range of material thickness. Advanced servo control system allows maximum efficiency and flexibility. Other features include color screen operator interface, system...; Tags: Stagnito Communications, seal, color screen; White papers
Reclosable Retort Zippers for Pouch Application: Retort packaging has opened up exciting new marketing opportunities for converters in recent years. One challenge had been in identifying dependable zipper closures that could stand up to the extreme temperatures required by the retort process. However, various manufacturers are now providing zippers that meet the high temperature demands of...; Tags: Manufacturing, Stagnito Communications, marketing; White papers
Demand (Tankless or Instantaneous) Water Heaters: A Reference Brief from the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Clearinghouse (EREC): Water heating accounts for 20% or more of an average household's annual energy expenditures. The yearly operating costs for conventional gas or electric storage tank water heaters average $200 or $450, respectively. Storage tank-type water heaters raise and maintain the water temperature to the temperature setting on the tank (usually...; Tags: NAHB Research Center, renewable energy, energy efficiency, storage, wall, C; White papers
FANdek Evaporative Cooling System: FANdek increases capacity of air cooled heat exchangers during hot summer months by lowering the ambient air temperature through the natural process of evaporative cooling. The temperature of the air used to dissipate heat from air cooled heat exchangers greatly impacts the performance of the underlying system. Munters FANdek is...; Tags: performance; Case studies
Earthlinked System Reduces Heating and Cooling Costs in Pennsylvania: Just 20 months ago, as if he already knew of the impending energy crisis, Del Leese made the wise decision to install a direct-exchange EarthLinked heating and cooling system in his new home. Manufactured by ECR Technologies, Inc. of Lakeland, Florida, EarthLinked is a GeoExchange system that harvests heat directly...; Tags: Earth; Case studies

Reaction Vessel Level Chemical Industry: Resin - An Important Base Material: In conditions where process temperatures rise above 150°C, vacuum, and overpressure are applied as well as adhesion of viscous products, the requirements of any measurement technology are put under strain. This document describes the features of the radar sensor VEGAPULS 63 and explains why it is the ideal measurement solution...; Tags: Aerospace & Defense, radar; Case studies
Condenser Pre-Cooler: The temperature of the air used to dissipate heat from air-cooled condensers greatly impacts the performance of the underlying system. As the temperature of this air rises, head pressures also rise. As a result, energy demand and usage increase while cooling capacity falls. These problems can be exacerbated when condensers...; Tags: Performance management, performance; Case studies
Heat Pump Water Heaters: Heat pumps seemingly defy the laws of physics. They take heat from a low temperature source and, with efficiencies of 200 to 300 percent, raise its temperature. A heat pump works like a refrigerator in reverse. While refrigerators take heat from inside a box and dump that heat to a...; Tags: NAHB Research Center; White papers
Recuperative Gas Boilers: This paper discusses and gives information about the recuperative boilers. A requirement of the use of recuperative boilers is that the heating system must be designed to cool flue gas temperatures to achieve condensation. This requires that the inlet or return water temperature is below 50°C. The simplest approach is...; Tags: Temperature; White papers
Cooling Off Without the AC: With temperatures soaring in many areas across America, homeowners are looking for ways to cool off. While air conditioning systems can certainly keep the temperatures down and add value when it comes time to sell, AC is not the only solution. Whole house fans are a simple and less expensive...; Tags: Construction, window; White papers 2006-07-31
The Influence of Gas Parameters on the Results of Spirometric Test: The paper presents a metrological analysis of the influence of the expiratory gas physical features on the preciseness of the parameters defined during lung tests. Two kinds of spirometric transducers are taken into consideration: a volumetric transducer and a flowmeter. When a volumetric transducer is used, the gas inside changes...; Tags: Slovak Academy of Sciences, gas, analysis; White papers 2005-06-13
Thermodynamic Investigation of the Azeotropic Binary Mixture Water + n-Propanol: Molar heat capacities of the azeotropic mixture in the binary system {water x 0.568) + n-propanol x 0.432)} were measured with an adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range from (80 to 320) K. The functions of the heat capacity with respect to the thermodynamic temperature were established. The solid-liquid-phase transition...; Tags: American Chemical Society; White papers 2004-12-02
Green Gas (SNG) Production by Supercritical Gasification of Biomass: The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of "Green Gas" SNG from relatively wet biomass/waste streams (70-95 wt.% water) by the supercritical (ca. 600°C, 300 bar) water gasification SCWG process. Wet biomass and related feedstock can be gasified in hot compressed water to produce combustible gas mixtures....; Tags: Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands, hydrogen; White papers 2004-11-01
LineaHeat Digital Heater Control: In order to provide comfort, indoor air quality through proper ventilation, and energy savings, the discharge temperature and the airflow rate of a VAV zone controller must both be managed. If the discharge temperature is too high and the velocity too low hot air will stratify at the ceiling. Worse,...; Tags: ceiling; White papers 2004-09-14
Refrigerated Air Conditioning Systems: This study describes about heating and AC systems that has been around since the latter part of the 18th century. Since that time it has become generally accepted that an air conditioned environment has a number of advantages. The commercial advantages of environmental control are now widely accepted, although the...; Tags: environment; White papers 2004-09-13
The Effects of Washing Conditions on Soil Removal in Domestic Laundering Processes: In the domestic laundering process, relatively high wash temperatures and long wash times have traditionally been used for optimum soil removal. The use of lower wash temperatures could result in a substantial reduction for energy used in laundering. The purpose of this study was to determine soil removal from cotton,...; Tags: Temperature; White papers 2004-06-01
Use of a Cooling, Heating & Power System in a Supermarket, or Anatomy of a Research, Test & Verification Project: This paper describes about the usage of a CHP system in a Supermarket. It is a 71,000 square foot existing supermarket located in southwestern Texas. The store is equipped with one low temperature rack, one split temperature rack, two medium temperature racks and a dual path HVAC system. The four...; Tags: U.S. Department of Energy, supermarket, Combined Heat and Power, HVAC; White papers 2004-04-02
Influence of Water Hardness, Substrate Nature and Temperature on Heterogeneous Calcium Carbonate Nucleation: This paper studies the effect of water hardness, temperature and the nature of walls on CaCO3 heterogeneous nucleation, which is the main condition of scale. The probability of CaCO3 heterogeneous precipitation increased for weak water hardness and weak temperatures. The wall nature did not influence the precipitation kinetics for hard...; Tags: Construction, Reed Elsevier Inc., wall; White papers 2004-03-25
The Myth of Special High Induction Diffusers: The use of the Air Diffusion Performance Index APDI of an installed diffuser is a proven method of designing overhead cooling systems. In the mid 90's, the Electric Power Research Institute EPRI commissioned a study of diffusers for use with cold air. The thought was that with air cooler than...; Tags: analysis; White papers 2004-02-27
Fluorinated Phthalazinone-Containing Copolyimides for Passive Optical Waveguides: A series of fluorinated copolyimides containing phthalazinone moieties were prepared from 2, 2-bis (3, 4- dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA), 3, 3'4, 4'-benzophenone-tetracarboxylic dianhydride BPDA and 2-(4-aminophenyl)-4-[4-(4-aminophenoxyl)phenyl]-2,3-phthalazin-1-one (DHPZ-2NH2) for making polymeric optical waveguides. The resulting copolymers containing 0-50 mol% BPDA/ DHPZ-2NH2 show good solubility and are soluble in some organic polar...; Tags: polymer, analysis; White papers 2004-02-20