I. INTRODUCTION It is well understood that, at least in the United States, inspections conducted by regulators to ascertain the compliance status of firms are quite infrequent (Cohen, 1998; Russell, 1990b). Nonetheless, many studies show that such activities do influence firms' compliance behavior. Laplante and Rilstone (1996), for instance,...
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia has rejected a lawsuit by the National Wildlife Federation (NWF; Reston, VA), which challenged EPA's implementation plan for 1998 Clean Water Act regulations on pulp and paper mills. The plan encourages mills to limit dioxin and...
Pulp, Paper Mill Discharge Limits Upheld The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia has unanimously affirmed updated Clean Water Act discharge limitations for pulp and paper mills that were adopted in 1998 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The new regulations are intended to substantially reduce...
DAVID H. WORD [*] ABSTRACT An estimate of the total annual carbon dioxide ([CO.sub.2]) emissions resulting from compliance with current, proposed, and anticipated federal environmental regulations has been developed for the U.S. forest and paper industry. This estimate of emissions from...
The Clinton administration has been presented with opportunities to help protect the environment through the use of totally chlorine-free TCF paper. The administration bowed to pressure from the industry through the American Forest and Paper Assn and rejected the use of TCF technology. The latest of these environmental insults came...
As 1997 comes to a close, the nonwovens industry can look back on a year that - in terms of legislative and regulatory activity - was primarily marked with success, but also included a few disappointments and some frustration. While the industry won victories on transportation issues and certain environmental...
In the late 1980s, environmental concerns became more urgent in almost every country in the world. In 1992 these concerns culminated in an "Earth Summit," which drew more world leaders than any other such meeting in history. As the arcane language and visionary goals of national and international agenda-setting are...
SOME ARKANSANS IN THE paper industry say the Environmental Protection Agency is trying to put them out of work.This feeling stems from the EPA's proposed Cluster Rule, which would become effective in the fall 1995. They say this rule, if passed as it is written now, would be directly responsible...
DEMAND FOR sodium chlorate is robust, bolstered by a vibrant pulp and paper industry and the looming Environmental Protection Agency EPA deadline for converting to elemental chlorine-free ECF bleaching. Healthy demand and soaring energy costs h DEMAND FOR sodium chlorate is robust, bolstered by...
There has been a growing governmental effort to reduce--or even eliminate--the use of chlorine during treatment of wood pulp in the U.S. With an ongoing Environmental Protection Agency EPA study, a proposed amendment to the Clean Water Act CWA and the recent pulp and paper industry "multimedia" regulation from the...
An advance copy of a proposed rule from the Environmental Protection Agency EPA regarding the new Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act standards for the pulp and paper industry has been released. Contained within the 600 page proposed rule are provisions that specifically impact the nonwovens industry. The...
recent pulp and paper draft ruling will affect nonwovens as well, although right now the EPA will concentrate only on water issues; proposed ruling expected in October The Environmental Protection Agency EPA is drafting proposed rules to implement effluent control standards under the Federal Clean Water Act and emission...
104 pulp and paper mills likely affected, but no major regulations expected for consumer goods; there is apparently no cause for alarm for disposable diapers On April 30, the Environmental Protection Agency EPA announced plans to develop regulations requiring reduction of dioxin contamination in waterways and soil caused by...
With the New Year, sodium chlorate producers have begun to announce price increases. Effective on the first of January, producers raised prices by $25/ton. The main reason for the increase is a price recovery in pulp and paper markets. Pulp a...
Dioxin: Paper's Trace Coffee filters, disposable diapers, paper towels, milk cartons, newspaper and facial tissues. Researchers sampling bleached-paper products have recently found these contain minute quantities of dioxins or furans (dioxins' nearly-astoxic chemical cousings). Together the chemicals make up a class of chlorinated compounds the EPA considers "one...
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Agency's final "cluster rule" setting pollution control standards for pulp and paper mills would require the industry to substantially reduce--but not totally eliminate--emissions of dioxin and other toxic chemicals ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Agency's final "cluster rule" setting pollution control standards for pulp and paper...
A federal appeals court has upheld water pollution discharge limits for pulp and paper mills that were being challenged by the National Wildlife Federation. The regulations, which were adopted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 19 A...
The US Environmental Protection Agency EPA is proposing to regulate the land application of industrial sludge from pulp and paper mills that use chlorine or chlorine-derivative pulp bleaching processes. The Agency has determined that the continued, The US Environmental Protection Agency EPA is proposing to...
THE PRODUCTION of sodium chlorate is soaring, and producers' profits are up slightly despite rising energy prices. As both a response to those costs and the booming pulp and paper industry's conversion to ECF bleaching, sodium chlorate producers ar THE PRODUCTION of sodium chlorate...
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