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- Insurance and Reserves Management in a Model of Sudden Stops
- Emerging market economies, which have much of their growth ahead of them, run persistent current account deficits in order to smooth consumption intertemporally. The counterpart of these deficits is their dependence on capital inflows, which can suddenly stop. This paper develops and estimates a quantifiable model of sudden stops and...
- White papers 2004-12-08
- The Missing Link: Product Market Regulation, Collective Bargaining And The European Unemployment Puzzle
- This paper examines product market regulation as an explanation for divergent US and continental European labor market performance. First, it shows that the choice of bargaining regime is crucial for the effect of product market competition on unemployment rates, being substantial under collective and negligible under individual bargaining. The results...
- White papers 2004-02-15
- The So-called "External Partners" in the Groups of Corporations: A Model of Presentation in the Consolidated Statements
- This paper studies, on the one hand, theories set out around the consideration of the external partners in the consolidated information and on the other hand, financial models that discuss the convenience of the separation or not of the different elements that form part of the liabilities of the balance...
- White papers
- Logistics-Production, Logistics-Marketing And External Integration: Their Impact On Performance
- Highly competitive environments are leading companies to implement Supply Chain Management SCM to improve performance and gain a competitive advantage. SCM involves integration, co-ordination and collaboration across organizations and throughout the supply chain. It means that SCM requires internal (intra-organizational) and external (inter-organizational) integration. This paper examines the logistics-production and...
- White papers 2003-01-18
- Use of the MPEG-21 Rights Expression Language for Music Distribution
- One of the main problems to solve when implementing systems for distribution of music in the Web is the issue of digital rights. Using a Rights Expression Language REL will help in solving this problem. Although there are several international initiatives to standardize a REL, the paper focuses on the...
- White papers 2003-06-04
- Qualitative Voting In Conflict Resolution Situations
- Qualitative Voting is an alternative to the Majority Rule that endows agents with a certain number of votes that can be freely distributed between a set of issues that have to be approved or dismissed. In Conflict Resolution situations where two parties with opposed preferences need to decide over their...
- White papers 2006-09-01
- Logistics-Production, Logistics-Marketing And External Integration
- Highly competitive environments are leading companies to implement Supply Chain Management SCM to improve performance and gain a competitive advantage. SCM involves integration, co-ordination and collaboration across organisations and throughout the supply chain. It means that SCM requires internal intraorganisational and external interorganisational integration. This paper examines the Logistics-Production and...
- White papers 2003-01-01
- Optimal Design Of Social Security Reforms
- We argue that a privatization of the social security system, going from a Pay-As-You-Go to a Fully Funded system, can be interpreted as the explicit recognition of an implicit debt and there is no efficiency gain in doing so. As a consequence, potential efficiency gains upon reforming the system come...
- White papers 2004-08-01
- On The Role Of Technology Shocks As A Source Of Business Cycles: Some New Evidence
- The author provides some new evidence that reinforces the conclusion in Galo (1999) that exogenous variations in technology play a very limited role, if any, as sources of the business cycle. First, he provides evidence that supports the identification of technology shocks proposed in that paper. Second, he shows that...
- White papers 2004-04-01
- Formalisation Of Digital Rights Management: A Negotiation Scenario
- One key issue when dealing with multimedia content systems is taking care of possible Intellectual Property Rights IPR management and distribution associated to the content itself. Although many of them already exist, their use is not easy, due to, between other reasons, a lack of interoperability of solutions. MPEG, through...
- White papers 2003-06-25
- Supply Chain Management As A Competitive Advantage In The Spanish Grocery Sector
- Adversarial relationships have long dominated business relationships, but Supply Chain Management SCM entails a new perspective. SCM requires a movement away from arms-length relationships toward partnership style relations. This paper analyses the relationship between internal and external integration processes, their effect on firm's performance and their contribution to the achievement...
- White papers 2002-10-03
- Does Foreign Direct Investment Crowd Out Domestic Entrepreneurship?
- In analyzing firm entry and exit across Belgian manufacturing industries, this paper presents evidence that import competition and foreign direct investment discourage entry and stimulate exit of domestic entrepreneurs. These results are in line with theoretical occupational choice models that predict foreign direct investment would crowd out domestic entrepreneurs through...
- White papers 2002-05-22
- Inventory-Routing Model, for a Multi-Period Problem With Stochastic and Deterministic Demand
- The need for integration in the supply chain management leads to consider the coordination of two logistic planning functions: transportation and inventory. The coordination of these activities can be an extremely important source of competitive advantage in the supply chain management. The battle for cost reduction can pass through the...
- White papers 2003-12-03
- Coping With Catastrophic Risk: The Role of (Non)-Participating Contracts
- This paper examines how the two fundamental principles in risk allocation, i.e., the mutuality principle and the transfer principle, can be implemented in order to manage efficient catastrophic risk. From a decomposition of the insurable loss into idiosyncratic and systemic component, this paper shows that the systemic risk is first...
- White papers 2002-04-02
- A Transaction-Cost View of Title Insurance and Its Role in Different Legal Systems
- This article outlines a transaction cost theory of 'title insurance' and analyses the role it plays in countries with recording and registration of land titles. Title insurance indemnifies real estate right holders for losses caused by pre-existing title defects that are unknown when the policy is issued. It emerged to...
- White papers 2002-10-01
- Why Do Emerging Economies Borrow Short Term?
- This paper argues that emerging economies borrow short term due to the high-risk premium charged by international capital markets on long-term debt. The paper presents a model where the debt maturity structure is the outcome of a risk-sharing problem between the government and bondholders. By issuing long-term debt, the government...
- White papers 2004-08-01
- The Emergence of Complex Network Patterns in Music Artist Networks
- Viewing biological, social, or technological systems as networks formed by nodes and connections between them can help better understand them. This paper studies the topology of several music networks, namely citation in allmusic.com, and co-occurrence of artists in playlists. The analysis uncovers the emergence of complex network phenomena in music...
- White papers 2004-08-22
- Asset Pricing Implications of Benchmarking: A Two-Factor CAPM
- This paper considers the equilibrium effects of an institutional investor whose performance is benchmarked to an index. In a partial equilibrium setting, the objective of the institutional investor is modeled as the maximization of expected utility (an increasing and concave function, in order to accommodate risk aversion) of final wealth...
- White papers 2001-07-01
- Downsizing, Job Insecurity, and Firm Reputation
- This paper uses a simple two-period model to study how firms make layoff decisions in the presence of adverse shocks. It analyzes how the amount and sequencing of downsizing are determined when workers' expectations about their job security affects their on-the-job performance. The paper finds a fundamental tradeoff between laying...
- White papers 2004-09-01
- The Labor Market Effects of Payroll Taxes in a Middle-Income Country: Evidence From Colombia
- The paper uses a panel of manufacturing plants from Colombia to analyze how the rise in payroll tax rates over the 1980s and 1990s affected the labor market. The estimate of the paper indicates that formal wages fall by between 1.4% and 2.3% as a result of a 10% rise...
- White papers 2003-07-15
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