This paper documents evidence of differential speed of labour demand adjustment among exporters, foreign MultiNationals Enterprise henceforth MNEs and domestic non-exporting firms from the UK manufacturing industry. Findings show that MNEs exhibit the fastest speed of employment adjustment to its optimal level, followed by exporters and then domestic non-exporters. Interestingly,...
On the 14th August 2003, a complex combination of latent problems and catalytic events led to a domino-effect in which 50 million people suffered some interruption to their power supplies. Losses have been estimated between $5-10 billion. It is, therefore, one of the most wide reaching and serious 'blackouts' in...
This paper explains an example of mobility, focusing on the nature of choice in decisions. Where the author goes is one of the most fundamental choices that he makes, a decision which is frequently made with others. Uncovering how decisions are made about where the author goes is something that...
The quality of the design of an interactive safety-critical system can be enhanced by embedding data and knowledge from past experiences. Traditionally, this involves applying scenarios, usability analysis, or the use of metrics for risk analysis. This paper presents an approach that uses the information from incident investigations to inform...
Establishing a Content Management Strategy before introducing a Content Management System CMSystem is essential to ensure that the CMSystem leads to an improvement in quality of the University's web presence and in satisfaction levels of web publishing staff. Information architecture and editorial review are essential ingredients of a Content Management...
An important objective of this short paper is to balance the operational benefits with the potential hazards from using night vision equipment. Personnel might be trained to exploit those advantages, for instance by time operations to maximize the light provided by the waxing and waning of the moon under image...
There has been a rapid increase in the complexity and integration of many safety-critical systems. In consequence, it is becoming increasingly difficult to identify the causes of incidents and accidents back through the complex interactions that lead up to an adverse event. At the same time, there is a growing...
Aviation mishaps stem from complex combinations of human error, managerial failure, design flaws, environmental and meteorological factors. Mackie uses 'Causal fields' to denote a subjective frame of reference that guides a search for particular causes. This helps to explain why many investigators focus on 'Primary' forms of human computer interaction....
It is important to emphasize that the additional capabilities provided by night vision devices also create new risks. Night operations continue to result in significantly more accidents and incidents than their daytime counterparts. Some of these mishaps can be directly attributed to problems in the design of night vision devices....
This paper studies how the labour market and industry uncertainty affect the investment decisions of MultiNational Enterprises MNEs. In an uncertain business climate, MNEs must take account of the future in deciding where to locate a branch plant. When wages are endogenously determined, both the opportunity cost of labour and...
Every year, around 3,500 people are killed on Britain's roads and 40,000 are seriously injured. The governments have launched several campaigns, such as "Think!" and Scottish Road Safety Campaign SRSC, to help people become aware of road safety issues and try to reduce road accident. The author tries to develop...
This paper presents the results of a project commissioned by the Electrical and Control Systems Unit of the UK Health and Safety Executive. The results of the project will be used to give guidance to operators and suppliers of Electrical, Electronic or Programmable Electronic Systems (E/E/PES) in satisfying particular requirements...
The introduction of new technology carries with it a degree of uncertainty on the part of system operators. They must match device behaviour to the operating characteristics described during training sessions or within supporting documentation. When operators are uncertain about what their system is actually doing then they frequently resort...
This paper analyzes a range of incidents involving team-based interaction with safety-critical programmable systems. The incidents were submitted to NASA's Aviation Safety Reporting System ASRS and to the UK Marine Accident Investigation Branch MAIB. This paper result shows that incidents, which complicated the team based operation of safety-critical, computer systems...
The traditional approach taken to the provision of music for the print impaired by major organizations has been largely concerned with Braille Music. However, reading Braille Music is a specialized skill and not all visually impaired people can learn this skill. There are some technologies available which allow the print-impaired...
The objective of the MIM funded projects on drug resistance is to conduct a surveillance network for emerging patterns of antimalarial drug resistance. As outlined in this document, there are different methods that can be used for this purpose, but without good coordination between the individual laboratories, they probably will...
Mishap investigations provide important information about adverse events and near incidents. They are intended to help avoid any recurrence of previous failures. Over time, they can yield statistical information about incident frequencies that helps to detect patterns of failure and validate risk assessments. However, the increasing complexity of many safety...
This paper analyses the induced demand hypothesis using a disaggregate approach at the link level. A panel dataset of Minneapolis-Saint Paul highway network for the years 1980-98 is constructed. A model that predicts the traffic flow on the link in terms of vehicle kilometers traveled VKT based on the flow...
Incident and accident reporting systems can be used to identify patterns of operator behavior in the causes and mitigation of adverse events. Most attention in this area has, however, focused on the civilian process, healthcare and transportation industries. In contrast, this paper focuses on human factors issues in military incident...
This paper sets out to derive a testable model of MNC subsidiary performance, focusing on behavioural dimensions. The chosen dimensions are the strategic emphasis of the subsidiary; the levels of autonomy, procedural justice, distributive justice and interactive justice experienced by the subsidiary; the nature of leadership at both subsidiary and...
